Wild Bill Hickman, a famed gunslinger and friend of the Mormon leader, actually claimed that Young had ordered him to commit some of those murders. Phineas Young was among the first Mormon pioneer company to reach the Salt Lake Valley in July 1847. Rather than provide them with what they wanted, Lee chose to die like a man then [than] to live a villain.. Brigham Young, second President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, better known as the Mormon Church, ranks among the most influential and important historical figures not just in Mormon, but also in American history. Brigham Young urged every Mormon to resist the American military. Several church leaders, including Young, were later charged under the law; Young was not convicted, but a case involving his secretary, George Reynolds, went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which in 1879 unanimously decided that the law was constitutional and the First Amendment did not protect polygamy. But history is not assumption. And in the fall of 1842, Brigham Young faced a mysterious and deadly illness. The Brink of War. Smithsonian Magazine, June 2008. They were reacting to events as they took place. Most Mormons are aware that Young instituted a ban on black people holding Church leadership positions and entering their temples, but few are aware of how extreme he was. Fifty-three years ago Juanita Brooks classic study, The Mountain Meadows Massacre, concluded the crime was the result of one unfortunate circumstance after another. She has been placed on indefinite suspension for her actions, which include punching another . Critics assume, yes. They were murdered by a small Mormon militia and its Indian allies in a horrible ploy: after a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly lie. Earlier versions featured only Jesus or angels appearing to Smith. Life After Death: 6 Insights into the Spirit World. Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. Reading the September 2000 True West article by Glenn Shirley, titled, A Tireless Energy & Nerves of Steel, I was fascinated by Caroline Bonneville. Historian D. Michael Quinn succinctly describes Youngs actions shortly after the massacre: Apostle Wilford Woodruff, the official church historian, recorded that when Young first visited the mass burial site, he said that the memorial plaque should read: Vengeance is mine and I have taken a little.. He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. Young testified that Cowdery's last statements were on the truth of Mormonism as revealed through Joseph Smith. Brigham Young Pioneer Prophet. Brigham Young tried to stop the massacre. In 1870, church leaders quietly excommunicated Isaac Haight, John D. Lee, and militia leader George Wood. This week, as America mourned those lost in the terrorist attacks of 9/11, some Mormons quietly remembered another tragedy that took place on the same day 144 years earlier: the Mountain Meadows Massacre, in which a group of Mormons militia members killed about 120 men, women, and children in cold blood. Their beliefs on the subject extend so far as to dictate that a prophet can never lead people astray. [5], Young was married to Lucy, the half-sister of Oliver Cowdery. Pres. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints spoke Monday to staff at Brigham Young University (BYU) during the first day of the institution's 2021 University Conference.. No. Just six years after the murder of Joseph Smith and five after the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo, Young was in no mood to accommodate outside interference with governing the Saints as he saw fit. Brigham Young was probably the most oft-married man in 19th-century America. Brigham Young later privately set apart three other sons and Joseph F. Smith as apostles who served as "assistant Counselors to the First Presidency." The other versions are never mentioned, though they are available on a Church-run website. Apparently I succeeded, since critics in the employ of the LDS Church claim I dont prove Brigham Young ordered the murders. And why does the Deseret News continue lying about Mountain Meadows to this day? Because of this and the expulsion from Missouri, the Mormons at the time felt very strong prejudice against people from those two states. Every religion has less-than-savory moments hidden in its history. He was a brother of the Mormon prophet, Brigham Young (1801-1877). Most recently, Will Bagley made this case in his 2002 book, Blood of the Prophets. As the emigrants began to leave, Lee and the militia butchered the men, women, and most of the children. Why did he shield the murderers and allow the churchs newspaper to blame the crime on the Paiutes for a dozen years after Jacob Hamblin told him Mormons were involved? In the video that Harrold recorded, the woman could be seen yelling at the teen and lunging at him during the Dec. 26 incident. When I began writing about the massacre, I realized trying to prove anything about this appalling crime would prove only that I was an idiot. Why Lee was selected as scapegoat remains unclear. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. With no additional evidence, some historians have pointed to a Native American council held in Salt Lake City on September 1, 1857. he led the Mormon raiders to attack and burn supply wagons of the U.S. militia sent to kill the saints. Mormons responded to not being allowed to vote by forming a militia and attacking Gallatin as well as the nearby village of Millport (one militia battle is depicted in the painting above). Justice for his peoples wrongs was heavens responsibility, not his, he said. Brigham Young had no tolerance for Mormons who began to doubt the faith. In this inspiring look at near-death experiences, authors Brent and Wendy Top illustrate how numerous recorded accounts of near-death experiences relate to Latter-day Saint teachings. During Wyatt Earps later years, while he was living in Hollywood, were there any silent films or voice recordings made of him. Brigham Young (pictured) is revered by Mormons as the second prophet of modern times. He was ordained king and priest by the Council of Fifty, and acted accordingly. Finally, why has so much evidence been destroyed or purged from Mormon archives, and why has so much evidence been suppressed? . The proclamation is very clear: . It turns out that she was actually wife No. These men later insisted that no orders had come from Salt Lake City, and this testimony included that given by those who in later life left Utah and Mormonism. It is alarming to see how intensely and openly the family is under attack in contemporary society. When he isnt exploring the dark secrets of various religions, he is a major sci-fi/fantasy geek and the lead editor and author for The Elders Blog on Elders of Genova. Shortly after the outbreak of the Civil War, Brigham Young and his entourage visited Mountain Meadows for the first time since 1857. He was a model Latter-day Saint; a good man possessed in large measure with friendliness, integrity, optimism, and unswerving loyalty to his leaders., Smith had a strong relationship with both the Prophet Joseph Smith and President Brigham Young during his apostleship. When the United States claimed sovereignty over the area in 1848, Mormons petitioned Congress for recognition, and in 1850 the United States organized Utah Territory. How far apart were Wild Bill Hickok and Dave Tutt in their famous 1865 showdown in Springfield, Missouri? In 1832, he was baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the religion founded by Joseph Smith in 1830 based on the Book of Mormon, a scripture that Smith claimed to have translated from gold plates given to him by an angel named Moroni. In 1835, the Three Witnesses selected Young as one of the inaugural members of the Quorum of the Twelve. In theearly church years, the method of judging apostolic seniority was base on the date of ordination. After this attack, Smiths successor, Brigham Young, led the Mormons West. On the other hand, Mormons have insisted that the massacre was perpetrated by local members acting without sanction from headquarters. [7], After Joseph Smith was killed in 1844, Young joined the majority of Latter Day Saints in accepting the leadership of Brigham Young and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. He was also the founder of Salt Lake City and the first governor of the Utah Territory, United States. Copies of Youngs letter exist both in rough draft and final draft form. Young, Brigham Born June 1, 1801 Whitingham, Vermont Died August 29, 1877 Salt Lake City, Utah Religious leader Mormon leader Brigham Young led his followers on a trek across the American plains to the Great Salt Lake Valley in present-day Utah. In 1841, Joseph Smith announced a prophesy that Governor Boggs (pictured above) would, within a year, meet a violent demise. For example, George W. Bean was called as a Seventy at age 14; Don Carlos Smith was called to preside over the High Priests Quorum at age 19; Joseph F. Smith was ordained as an elder and sent on a mission at age 15; and George A. Smith was called to be a member of the First Quorum of the Seventy at age 17 and as an apostle in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles at age 21, making him the youngest apostle to ever serve in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (500 Little-Known Facts in Mormon History). Phineas' wife Clarissa was also baptized about this same time. The great historian Harold Schindler spent 40 years learning everything there was to know about Orrin Porter Rockwell, Man of God/Son of Thunder (the title of his definitive biography). Seeking a place where they could avoid the persecution that had driven them from Ohio and Missouri, Young and the other apostles planned a westward exodus of thousands of Mormons from the settlement in Nauvoo, Illinois to the Great Salt Lake Valley, then part of Mexico. What was the favorite type of mule used in the Old West? Why didnt he use his powers as territorial governor to hunt down the men who committed this despicable crime? Brigham Young was the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, from 1847 until his death in 1877. Young won the leadership and Strang was considered a heretic and excommunicated from the Mormon Church. by Will Bagley and Ron Walker | Apr 1, 2003 | Features & Gunfights. John G. Turner. Courtesy: Church History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 52 or thereabouts. What are the Physical devices used to construct memories? The text of the speech was endorsed by Joseph Smith. The Mormons: Brigham Young. He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. If Washington continued to appoint office seekers and corrupt demagogues, Utahs citizens would send them away., Faced with this blatant insubordination, Buchanan ordered an army of 2,500 troops to Utah to install Alfred Cumming as the new governor. President Brigham Young ordained his 11-year-old son John Willard Young as an apostle shortly after John received his temple endowment, though John never joined the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. According to a BYU Scholars article, His speaking talent, organizational and leadership ability, and political sagacity were given untiringly to the service of his church. Bridger Walker, 6, is being hailed as a hero for protecting his 4-year-old sister from a dog attack. [6] Young was present in Richmond, Missouri when Cowdery died. Smith sold Young a copy of the Book of Mormon and told him that it had been translated from ancient records by his brother Joseph Smith. While the church leaders temper and strong words at the pulpit earned him a reputation for coercion, in truth, those who knew him best often spoke of his caution and his abhorrence of bloodshed. While this Indian council is important and requires extended scholarly discussion, this much can be said: No evidence suggests the councils focus was the Baker-Fancher party, much less its destruction.
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